
Complete Guide to the IB History IA
Master the IB History IA with this expert guide. Learn how to choose a question, structure your analysis, and use our recommended word counts and IA examples.
Choosing a question
The History Internal Assessment is an investigation into a topic of your choice – this means it’s important that you choose something you find personally interesting, making it much easier to write and perfect your coursework. Take your time deciding on and refining your IA question, as this will change how your work is assessed, and therefore impact your mark.
Example IA questions include:
- How effective was the Soviet Union’s New Economic Policy between 1921 and 1925?
- How significant was social division as a cause of the Bamberg Witch Trials (1623–1633)?
- What were the most important reasons for the failure of Operation Market Garden?
- To what extent was weak leadership responsible for the collapse of the Egyptian Old Kingdom in 2125 BC?
The History IA is divided into 3 sections; the identification and evaluation of sources, the investigation, and the reflection. We’ll go through each of these one by one.
Identification and evaluation of sources (6/25 marks)

The first step of this section is to clearly state your research question.
For your IA, you must select two sources (primary or secondary) for detailed analysis. You must also:
- Include an explanation of their relevance.
- Analyse both of the sources in detail with regards to their origin, purpose and content
- Analyse the values and limitations with regard to the investigation.
We recommend a word count for the identification and evaluation of sources of 500 words.
Investigation (15/25 marks)

This section consists of the investigation itself, which should be made up of critical analysis that is clearly focused on the question. Although the sources you’ve already analysed should be the ones that you use the most, don’t be afraid to use other sources as well – in fact, these are good sources of counter-arguments and examples!
Throughout the investigation:
- Each aspect of your response should be developed in a paragraph, like an essay.
- Each aspect should be introduced through a topic sentence.
- Your points should be supported using historical evidence and explained using historical facts. The greater the detail, the better.
- Sophisticated responses will refer to perspectives and show a developed understanding of schools of thought that are relevant to the research question.
You should also include a conclusion at the end where you summarise the argument and come to a definitive judgement.
We recommend a word count for the investigation of 1300 words.
Reflection (4/25 marks)
The reflection is the final section of the IA, and where you get to think critically about the methods used by historians and how your view on this has changed (or not) after writing your investigation. The reflection has an aspect of TOK to it, as you must ponder questions of a historical and philosophical nature. The reflection does not have a predefined set of questions, meaning you have some liberty with the direction you want to take this section in – as long as you focus on the methods used by historians, their values and their limitations.
We recommend a word count for the reflection of 400 words.

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Why Lanterna?
The IB History IA is a crucial piece of coursework where you conduct an independent historical investigation into a topic of your choice. It's designed to assess your skills in historical inquiry, source analysis, and critical thinking, contributing significantly to your final IB History grade.
Choosing a strong research question is paramount. It should be specific, debatable, and allow for in-depth historical analysis using available sources. The guide emphasizes picking something you find genuinely interesting. Lanterna's tutors can help you refine your ideas into a focused, high-scoring question.
The History IA is divided into three main sections: the Identification and Evaluation of Sources (6 marks), the Investigation (15 marks), and the Reflection (4 marks). Each section has specific requirements and word count recommendations to ensure a comprehensive historical inquiry.
In this section, you must select two relevant sources (primary or secondary) and critically analyse their origin, purpose, and content. Crucially, you need to explain their relevance to your research question and evaluate their values and limitations for your investigation. This section is worth 6 out of 25 marks.
The Investigation (15 marks) requires a critical analysis clearly focused on your research question. Structure it like an essay with topic sentences, support points with detailed historical evidence, and refer to different perspectives or schools of thought. A strong conclusion summarising your argument and making a definitive judgment is also essential.
The Reflection (4 marks) is your opportunity to critically consider the methods historians use and how your perspective on these methods has evolved through your investigation. It has a philosophical, TOK-like element, focusing on the values and limitations of historical inquiry.
Absolutely. Lanterna specialises in supporting students with their IAs across all IB subjects, including History. Our expert tutors, many of whom scored 40+ in the IB or have examiner experience, can guide you through every stage, from selecting a topic to refining your final draft, ensuring you meet all IB criteria.
Our tutors provide personalised support to help you craft a precise and engaging research question. They can also assist with structuring your IA, ensuring logical flow, effective source integration, and comprehensive analysis in line with IB expectations, helping you maximise your marks.
The Lanterna free IB consultation is a no-pressure, 20-30 minute conversation with one of our expert IB Student Success Experts. It's designed to help you gain clarity on your IB journey, whether you're struggling with your History IA, exam preparation, or overall study strategy.
Yes, it's completely free with no obligation to book tutoring. During the 20-30 minute consultation, you'll discuss your specific challenges and goals with a Student Success Expert. They'll help you identify priorities, clarify doubts, and walk away with a personalised, actionable plan for your next steps.
Our Student Success Experts are highly experienced professionals with deep knowledge of the IB programme. They've supported thousands of IB students and parents, offering guidance, insights, and strategic advice to help students achieve their academic potential and navigate the IB with confidence.
After your consultation, you'll have a clear, personalised plan to tackle your IB challenges, whether it's your History IA or other aspects of the programme. There's zero obligation to continue with tutoring, but if you feel Lanterna's expert support is right for you, your Student Success Expert can discuss how our tutors can further assist.
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